Aerosol indirect effects on orographic clouds and precipitation
نویسندگان
چکیده
The sensitivity of warm orographic cloud development to aerosol indirect effects was investigated through aerosol-aware Weather Research and Forecast model simulations contrasting aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions using the default (generic) regional measurements from Integrated Precipitation Hydrology Experiment in Southern Appalachian Mountains for three rainfall events: 1) enhanced local convection; 2) a frontal system, 3) tropical system. Using activation spectrum yields higher number drops than default, smaller droplets delayed onset under weak synoptic forcing conditions. Evaluation against aircraft isolated convective clouds reveals that while microphysics falls short reproducing vertical structure nonprecipitating clouds, liquid water content, concentration near base are keeping with observations. simulated shows signature enhancement over mountains vis-a-vis adjacent plains. In inner region, valley-ridge circulations organize spatial patterns cloudiness forcing. formation early afternoon low-level ridges summertime reflects effect. By contrast, large-scale systems strong sustained moisture convergence at low levels (frontal systems), mechanically forced efficiency is enhanced, there no delay precipitation, effect negligible. This study impact on variability conditional weather regime.
منابع مشابه
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Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures ◭ ◮ ◭ ◮ Back Close Full Screen / Esc Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures ◭ ◮ ◭ ◮ Back Close Full Screen / Esc Abstract Aerosols affect the climate system by changing cloud characteristics in many ways. They act as cloud condensation and ice nuclei and may have an influence on the hydrological cycle. Here we investigate a...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Frontiers in Earth Science
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['2296-6463']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1025266